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英语阅读理解（通用20篇）
作为一项综合技能测试，“英语知识运用”首先检验的是阅读能力。它也可以说是阅读理解的一个变体，所以解题的首要步骤是将短文的大意理解清楚，提高阅读理解能力。下面是小编带来的英语阅读理解，希望对你有帮助。
英语阅读理解 篇1
根据教育部制定的英语课程标准，初中毕业生应达到五级综合语言运用能力。阅读理解是综合语言运用能力的一个重要方面，在中考中所占比重越来越大，这是拉开档次的题目。
阅读理解五级的目标部分描述如下：
1、能根据上下文和构词法推断、理解生词的含义；
2、能理解段落中各句子之间的逻辑关系；
3、能找出文章中的主题，理解故事的情节，预测故事情节的发展和可能的结局；
4、能读懂常见体裁的阅读材料；
5、能根据不同的阅读目的运用简单的阅读策略获取信息；
6、除教材外，课外阅读量应累计达到15万词以上(上海的要求更高一些，30万词以上)所谓阅读能力是指视读能力、理解能力和对所读材料的评价能力。
阅读理解考查的项目大多是根据这三种能力的要求设计的。为了提高阅读理解能力，同学们在做阅读理解时，就要在以下几个方面下功夫：
(一)要注意养成良好的阅读心理阅读时要去掉杂念，心绪要安定，精神要专一，要形成一种惬意的顺向心理。造成大脑皮层的优势兴奋中心。切不可一遇到几个生词难句，就心烦意乱，失去自控能力。心理学家告诉我们，任何恐慌，过分紧张的情绪都会形成一种消极因素妨碍大脑的正常思维功能。因此，遇到困难一定要从容不迫，心无旁骛。这样才能对所读的文章印象清晰，理解深刻。
英语阅读理解 篇2
做英语阅读理解的技巧如下：
一、阅读积累，厚积薄发
阅读能力和理解能力是靠大量的阅读来训练和培养的。阅读技巧和方法是在阅读过程中形成的。
1、阅读积累
要提高阅读水平，词汇量与短语量非常重要。所以要提高阅读水平，我们就得学会积累词语。我们不妨这么做：在通读全文后看第二遍，遇到生词尽可能根据上下文来猜，仍猜不出意思的，就查词典，然后将这些词抄写在一本可随身携带的小本子上。每当有空时，就拿出这个小本子来背诵记忆。这样做不但不费时，而且效果也很好。因为不时地接触、反复地记忆，词汇量会增加得很快。
2、大量阅读
选一些你感兴趣，且不需要经常查词典也能看懂的英语书;订一份英语报纸，既让你获取里面时尚的阅读信息，又让你体验到英语给你带来的快乐;看一些开阔视野、提高知识水平的英语电视节目等。
3、整体阅读
我们常碰到这样的情况：句子都能看懂，但读完文章印象却不深，这就牵涉到对文章框架结构的整体理解。首先，要重视文章的标题和文章的首句，因为文章的标题或首句就是文章的主题，文章的内容就是围绕主题展开的;其次，文章的结尾句往往是这篇文章的结论或作者写这篇文章的用意所在;再次，善于标注文章关键句，可以帮助你掌握文章的全貌，理解文章的主题。很多题目就是围绕它们而设计的。
4、把握要领
在做阅读理解时，可遵循三部曲的原则，即：快速阅读短文，通读测试题，明确考察点;认真逐题作答;复查校对答案。
做完所有题目后，再读一遍短文，逐一检查所有答案是否有误。如果有拿不定主意的答案,不要随意更改。一定要从原文中找到依据，方可更正。
二、遵循要求,完成任务
任务型阅读题形式多样，除了常见的阅读简答和阅读填写表格外，翻译句子、转换句子、连续句子(用连词)、选择句子等都是任务型阅读题。常用的技巧有：
1.读懂短文，了解大意
该技巧主要针对句子翻译题。任务型阅读题中，要求翻译的句子都不是孤立的，理解这些句子往往要根据上下文或全文理解，才能准确理解句意，避免出现表达上的偏差。
2.掌握各种语法，应对不同要求
该技巧主要针对事态、语态转化以及同义句转换等。掌握一些句子结构(如感叹句等)以及更多的固定句型(如形式主语it句型)对于解决这类题目尤为重要。
3.把握句子的关系
该技巧主要针对运用连词或相关句式进行句式转换，如简单句变复合句，复合句变简单句等。
4.把握文章结构
该技巧主要针对将句子还原，将提供的某个或多个句子还原到文章的适当位置，在任务型阅读中很常见。这就要求整体把握文章段落，在上下句的结合处，它们或是需要过渡，或是需要归纳总结，根据需要安排句子。
三、提炼语言,填充表格
英语阅读填表分为两个部分：文章阅读和表格填空。表格是文章内容条理化、形象化的具体体现，是短文结构、作者思路的具体反映，填写时要做到言简意骇。 具体的方法是：
1.先表后文，学会预测
“先表后文”即指先读表格，了解表格内容和要求，再根据表格的要求快速阅读短文，这样便使阅读带有较强的目的性和针对性，从而有助于保证所获取的信息的准确性，同时，可以节省一遍阅读时间，提高做题的速度。
2.抓住大意，把握细节
表格填空题在很大程度上是考察考生对所读材料细节的理解和把握，所以要想做好此题，考生一定要在弄懂大意的同时，充分把握所读材料的细节，尤其是与表格内容直接相关的细节，这是做好此题的关键。
3.分类整理，善于归纳
在读懂材料的同时，要对所读材料进行整理、分类，从而过滤出自己所需的有用信息，在通常情况下，表格所涉及的内容都具有一定的规律性，可能是同一个问题的几个不同方面，也可能是几个不同问题的同一方面，或是几个不同问题的不同方面，等等。比如涉及几项活动举行的时间、地点、原因、方式等。
4.寻找出处，对号入座
由于阅读填表题要以所读材料为依据，在通常情况下，每个空格的所填内容一般可从给定材料中找到出处或依据，在做题时要充分利用这一特点，将“空格”与“出处”对号入座，然后根据表格中已有信息的表现形式，准确填出所缺内容。同时，值得注意的是，如果表格所填信息与原文中的“出处”基本相同，则可直接对号入座;如果表格信息与原文中的“出处”有较大出入，则要进行适当的转换。
5.注意形式的变化
所填表格的词的形式(大小写等)应与表格中所提供的形式要一致。
做英语阅读理解的技巧：
四、养成习惯，提高效率
养成良好的阅读习惯，在阅读时既能节约时间，又能提高答题的准确率。
1.习惯视读，避免手指阅读
即在阅读时，应该使眼球沿着书行活动，而不是用手指或笔尖之类的`东西，指着正在阅读的内容，一个词一个词地读。
2.略读问题和选项，带问题阅读
做英语阅读理解题时，首先应浏览一遍所提问题，然后带着这些问题有目的、有针对性地阅读文章。
3.耐心通读全文
遇到难解的词组和句子不要急躁，要尽量根据上下文悟出文义，解题时要“带着问题读短文”，分析判断，整题解完后要认真复查。
4.习惯猜词
在英语阅读过程中，应该有意识地养成自己的猜词习惯，千万不要一遇到生词就查词典。因为只有养成猜词的习惯，并在阅读实践中结合自己的学习常识，才能培养自己的猜词能力，从而进一步提高阅读能力。
五、完形填空四步法
完形填空题旨在考察学生综合运用语言知识的能力。做此题时必须通篇考虑，先掌握大意，再综合运用所学词汇、语法及常识进行推理判断。解此类题主要从以下四步做起：
第一步 重视首句，把握开篇
完形填空一般无标题，首句一般不留空，是完整的一句，全文信息从此开始。细读首句，可判断文章体裁，预测文章大意和主旨。
第二步 速读全文，掌握大意
阅读全文时要一气呵成，即使有空格、生词或不明白的地方，也有快速读完，理解全文大意。读时要注意找出关键词、中心词。切记不要在未掌握大意的基础上，边阅读边做题，这样做的结果是速度慢、准确率低。
第三步 瞻前顾后，灵活答题
“瞻前顾后”，即先读所要填词的句子，再回顾上一句，兼顾下一句。如果一句中有两个空格需要填，在初定答案时要“双管齐下”，在两处同时试填，然后通读全句，确定答案。
第四步 复核全文，调整答案
把握好的短文通读一遍进行核查，同时注意以下三点：
1.上下文的一致性，即时态语态的一致以及代词、名词、单复数的一致。
2.从语法和惯用词及习惯搭配、甚至语感入手，判断是否符合上下文的逻辑。
3.段与段、句与句之间的衔接是否连贯。
六、新闻广告类材料的阅读技巧
新闻广告类材料是中考的热门考题。其文句简练，信息量大，句式使用简单，表达方式多样，但阅读这类题目也是有规律可循的。
1.品位广告、新闻的标题，预测其内容。
阅读广告时，要注意广告中涉及的人物，物品，时间，数字，联系人及方式地址。阅读新闻时，要抓住新闻的特点即何时何处何人发生何事，其经过和结果怎样。
2.要抓住书写广告的文体或图片，注意用大写、下划线等方式加以提示的文字。
3.解题技巧
①快速浏览广告、新闻，从标题中预测内容及涉及的类别。
②浏览问题，寻找答案。注意地点和时间的多样化造成的误选。
③复读材料，核实答案。
七、记叙文的阅读技巧
记叙文是初中阶段的主要训练内容。记叙文通过写人记事来提示文章的主题。它的题目主要设计为细节问题，它常常与Who,What,when/what time,where,why 即5W 和How 即1How 有关。做记叙文题要从下面几点入手：
1.纵观全文，列出记叙的要素
一篇记叙文，要交代清楚人物和事件，就必须交代清楚记叙的要素，即：时间、地点、人物、事件的原因、经过和结果
2.弄清记叙的顺序
初中阶段的记叙文多为顺叙
3.理解记叙的人称
弄清记叙文中的人称代词指代的对象，有利于更好地理解文意。
4.找出记叙的线索
线索是记叙文的纲，抓住线索，就能理顺文章内容，掌握文章结构，更好地理解文章的中心思想。
5.体会记叙文的表达手法
记叙文以叙事为主，但有时也运用描写、说明和议论。尤其是要注意夹叙夹议类文章，它的题目往往设计为推理性和总结性题目。
英语阅读理解 篇3
Mum:What are you doing,Amy?
Amy:I’m writing a letter to my friend,Kitty.
Mnm:But how can you?You are only five years old.You don’t know how to write.
Amy:Well.It doesn’t matter.Because Kitty doesn’t know how to read.
回答问题：
1.How old is Amy?
2.What is Amy doing?
3.Can Amy write?
4.Who is Kitty?
英语阅读理解 篇4
when george was young, he played a lot of games, and he was thin and strong. but when he was about 45, he began to become fat. he couldn’t breathe well. and when he walk fast, his heart painfully (心跳痛). he couldn’t do anything about this for a long time, so finally he became afraid and went to see a doctor.
the doctor looked him over here and there and said, “i don’t want to make you sad, george. but you’re very ill and i believe that you can’t live much longer. would you like me to ask anybody to come and see you before you die?” george thought for a few seconds and then answered, “i’d like another doctor to come and see me.”
1.george got fat _____________.
a. when he was very old b. when he was young
c. when he was forty-five d. when he was fifty
2.in this passage, the word “breathe” means __________ in chinese.
a.吃饭 b. 呼吸 c. 喝水 d. 喝酒
3.there was something wrong with george’s _______when he walked fast.
a. heart b. legs c. feet d. eyes
4.what did george do?
a.he was a doctor. b.he was a teacher.
c.he was a worker. d.we don’t know.
5.which of the following is right?
a.when george found he had trouble in breathing and walking, he went to see a doctor soon.
b.george did nothing about his illness for a long time.
c.george was afraid to see a doctor when he was ill.
d.the young doctor wanted george to see another doctor first.
answers: 1.c 2.b 3.a 4.d 5.a
英语阅读理解 篇5
Is language, like food, a basic human need without which a child at a critical period of life can be starved and damaged? Judging from the drastic experiment of Frederick II in the thirteenth century, it may be. Hoping to discover what language a child would speak if he heard no mother tongue, he told the nurses to keep silent.
All the infants died before the first year. But clearly there was more than lack of language here. What was missing was good mothering. Without good mothering, in the first year of life especially, the capacity to survive is seriously affected.
Today no such severe lack exists as that ordered by Frederick. Nevertheless, some children are still backward in speaking. Most often the reason for this is that the mother is insensitive to the signals of the infant, whose brain is programmed to learn language rapidly. If these sensitive periods are neglected, the ideal time for acquiring skills passes and they might never be learned so easily again. A bird learns to sing and to fly rapidly at the right time, but the process is slow and hard once the critical stage has passed.
Experts suggest that speech stages are reached in a fixed sequence and at a constant age, but there are cases where speech has started late in a child who eventually turns out to be of high IQ. At twelve weeks a baby smiles and makes vowel-like sounds; at twelve months he can speak simple words and understand simple commands; at eighteen months he has a vocabulary of three to fifty words. At three he knows about 1,000 words which he can put into sentences, and at four his language differs from that of his parents in style rather than grammar.
Recent evidence suggests that an infant is born with the capacity to speak. What is special about man’s brain, compared with that of the monkey, is the complex system which enables a child to connect the sight and feel of, say, a toy-bear with the sound pattern “toy-bear.” And even more incredible is the young brain’s ability to pick out an order in language from the mixture of sound around him, to analyze, to combine and recombine the parts of a language in new ways.
But speech has to be induced, and this depends on interaction between the mother and the child, where the mother recognizes the signals in the child’s babbling (咿呀学语), grasping and smiling, and responds to them. Insensitivity of the mother to these signals dulls the interaction because the child gets discouraged and sends out only the obvious signals. Sensitivity to the child’s non-verbal signals is essential to the growth and development of language.
>>>>>>习题<<<<<<
1. The purpose of Frederick II’s experiment was ________.
[A] to prove that children are born with the ability to speak
[B] to discover what language a child would speak without hearing any human speech
[C] to find out what role careful nursing would play in teaching a child to speak
[D] to prove that a child could be damaged without learning a language
2. The reason some children are backward in speaking is most probably that ________.
[A] they are incapable of learning language rapidly
[B] they are exposed to too much language at once
[C] their mothers respond inadequately to their attempts to speak
[D] their mothers are not intelligent enough to help them
3. What is exceptionally remarkable about a child is that ________.
[A] he is born with the capacity to speak
[B] he has a brain more complex than an animal’s
[C] he can produce his own sentences
[D] he owes his speech ability to good nursing
4. Which of the following can NOT be inferred from the passage?
[A] The faculty of speech is inborn in man.
[B] Encouragement is anything but essential to a child in language learning.
[C] The child’s brain is highly selective.
[D] Most children learn their language in definite stages.
5. If a child starts to speak later than others, he will ________.
[A] have a high IQ
[B] be less intelligent
[C] be insensitive to verbal signals
[D] not necessarily be backward
英语阅读理解 篇6
一、培养正确的阅读习惯
有许多孩子在长期的学习中往往形成了各种阅读习惯，如一个词一个词地读，且常伴有一些习惯动作：用手指、摆头等，这就是速读的障碍，并且可能影响到孩子一生的阅读。有些不良的习惯会影响到他们正常的阅读，我们应注意纠正他们以下的不良方式：（1）用手指或笔指词阅读；（2）逐词阅读；（3）复读；（4）声读；（5）心译。这些做法的结果往往是降低阅读速度，不利于把注意力集中在作者要表达的思想或传递的信息上。应当指出，孩子在平常的阅读中都会出现个别的、有意识的复视或回视，但过分的回视则会影响阅读的速度乃至对文章有效的理解。
二、加强按意群阅读的训练
按意群阅读是一种科学的阅读方法。它首先要求把所读的句子尽可能分成意义较完整的组群，目光要尽可能少地停顿。试比较：（1）I / usually / go / to / school / by / bike.（目光停顿7次），（2）I usually / go to school / by bike.（目光停3次）。
其中，（1）为逐词读，（2） 为按意群读。具体说来，读的时候我们要指导学生，不要把目光停在某一个词上，而应该用两眼余光看这个词两侧的词，眼睛不要盯在字行上，要高一些，这样，映 入眼帘的便是词组而不是单个的词；读的时候要少眨眼、不摆头，只要眼球来回转动就可以了；保持坐姿端正，书本应放到眼睛正前方，眼睛与书本距离大约一尺为 宜，这样才能保证同一适当距离、同一视角范围内尽可能多地摄入文字信息，正确的读书写字姿势，如下图：关键在于它既不是默读（心读）更不是朗读，而是通过目光在外语与大脑之间建立直接的联系，即外语思维。这是一个简捷快速的过程，非经过大量阅读训练的妙手岂能偶而得之？
因此，我们在平常可以教给学生试试以下两个方法：1. 快速朗读已经熟悉的课文等文字材料（最好朗读到能够熟练背诵的程度）。通过这种练习，对什么是意群，怎样区分意群，如何把注意力放在一个意群的中心词上，逐步就会有所实际地感受。
2. 把课文或阅读过的材料按意群分行抄写下来，再用目光扫读，使眼睛习惯于一扫一段。
随 着阅读的深入，熟练的孩子在阅读过程中能根据自己的阅读目的、阅读内容和文体调整阅读速度，并利用头脑中已有的相关知识，借助尽可能少的文字信息进行选 择、推测和推理，必要时还能跳出文段客观地判断作者意图。也就是说一些孩子能过渡到跳读和略读环节。我们必须明确地告诉孩子，跳读和略读的关键是要抓住文 章的开头和结尾以及各段的关键词和主题句。主题句可能在各段开头也可能出现在结尾。
三、培养语言预测能力
所谓语言预测，就是根据词语的搭配习惯以及语法知识（词法和句法），凭借上文，猜测出下文可能出现的内容，达到“未睹先知”的目的。例如，利用词法的搭配习惯，在读到I go to school by ... 时，我们就能猜到下文要出现一个交通工具的单词；利用句法知识，在我们读到Thank you for ... 时，我们就可以预知下文会出现一个动名词，这样就有助于我们在整体理解全句。熟悉和体验词语的搭配关系也是预测能力的体现。例如读到He likes listening ... 时，就知道下面一定跟一个介词to的结构；读到Little Water Drop goes higher and ... 时也会知道下面要跟的肯定是一个比较级的形式。
眼未到心先知，眼再到时得到证实一闪而过就行了，这样读起来，自然就会快多了。
四、避免翻译
在开始的时候，逐句翻译成中文来心译理解是难以避免的一个现象。但如果总要依赖翻译，养成习惯了，势必影响到阅读速度。当然用英文直接思维，这不是一下子就可以完全做到的，但可以循序渐进，例如我们学了apple这个单词，我们在文章中见到它时，并不是按照英语——中文——实物去理解，而是可以直接由英语到实物。
再如读到She was flying a kite.时，我们就可以直接体会到“一个女孩子手中拿着线，天上风筝飘呀飘呀”的画面，避免了译成中文“她正在放风筝”后，再到画面的中间环节，那么就节省了时间。在 英语的阅读理解中，孩子往往会或多或少地遇到各种各样的生词，这是影响孩子阅读速度的最大障碍了。
若把阅读过程比作一条奔流的小溪，那么生词便是顽石、沟 坎，使溪流不断回漩激起浪花；冲过去便渐入佳境，冲不过去便成为一潭死水。跨越生词障碍可以通过猜测词义来解决。猜测词义的方法有很多，有的时候不靠查字 典，的确很难猜出一个词的真正意义，其实这时只要孩子能看出它的词性、在句中的作用，不影响阅读就足够了。
例如：PEP教材六上活动手册第38页第5题Read and answer中有这样的句子：Her friend Judy likes playing the violin. But Sally doesn't play any instruments. She doesn't like music.很明显，instruments没学过，是生词，但并不影响学生的阅读，学生通过上文中的violin下文中的music，能明白。这正如我们小的时候在看长篇小说或大部头的书时，碰到不认识的字词，并不是用的办法去弄清楚它的读音和意思，而是仅仅揣摩一下它的含义，不求甚解。生词问题解决了，就为以后的阅读铺平了道路。
英语阅读理解 篇7
In terrestrial environments, gravity places special demands on the cardiovascular systems of animals. Gravitational pressure can cause blood to pool in the lower regions of the body, making it difficult to circulate blood to critical organs such as the brain. Terrestrial snakes, in particular, exhibit adaptations that aid in circulating blood against the force of gravity.
The problem confronting terrestrial snakes is best illustrated by what happens to sea snakes when removed from their supportive medium. Because the vertical pressure gradients within the blood vessels are counteracted by similar pressure gradients in the surrounding water, the distribution of blood throughout the body of sea snakes remains about the same regardless of their orientation in space, provided they remain in the ocean. When removed from the water and tilted at various angles with the head up, however, blood pressure at their midpoint drops significantly, and at brain level falls to zero. That many terrestrial snakes in similar spatial orientations do not experience this kind of circulatory failure suggests that certain adaptations enable them to regulate blood pressure more effectively in those orientations.
One such adaptation is the closer proximity of the terrestrial snakes heart to its head, which helps to ensure circulation to the brain, regardless of the snakes orientation in space. The heart of sea snakes can be located near the middle of the body, a position that minimizes the work entailed in circulating blood to both extremities. In arboreal snakes, however, which dwell in trees and often assume a vertical posture, the average distance from the heart to the head can be as little as 15 percent of overall body length. Such a location requires that blood circulated to the tail of the snake travel a greater distance back to the heart, a problem solved by another adaptation. When climbing, arboreal snakes often pause momentarily to wiggle their bodies, causing waves of mmuscle contraction that advance from the lower torso to head. By compressing the veins and forcing blood forward, these contractions apparently improve the flow of venous blood returning to the heart.
英语阅读理解 篇8
American Sports
The United States is a sports-loving nation. Sports in America take a variety of forms; organized competitive struggles, which draw huge crowds to cheer their favorite team to victory; athletic games, played forrecreation anywheresufficient space is found; and hunting and fishing. Most sports are seasonal, so that what is happening in sports depends upon the time of year. Some sports are called spectatorsports, as the number of spectators greatly exceeds the number playing in the game.Baseball is the most popular sport in the US. It is played throughout the spring and summer, and professional baseball teams play well into the fall. Although no other game is exactly like baseball, perhaps the one most nearly like it is the English game of cricket.Football is the most popular sport in the fall. The game originated as a college sport more than 75 years ago. It is still played by almost every college and university in the country, and the football stadiums of some of the largest universities seat as many as 80,000 people. The game is not the same as European football orsoccer. In American football there are 11 players on each team, and they are dressed in padded uniforms and helmets because the game is rough and injuries are likely to occur.Basketball is the winter sport in American schools and college. Like football, basketball originated in the US and is not popular in other countries. Many Americans prefer it to football because it is played indoors throughout the winter and because it is a faster game. It is a very popular game with high schools, and in more than 20 states, state-wide high school matches are held yearly.
Other spectatorsports include wrestling, boxing, and horse racing. Although horse-racing fans call themselves sportsmen, the accuracy of term is questionable, as only the jockeys who ride the horses in the races can be considered athletes. The so-called sportsmen are the spectators, who do "not assemble" primarily to see the horse race, but to bet upon the outcome of each race. Gambling is the attraction of horse racing.
英语阅读理解 篇9
About 50 years ago the idea of disabled people doing sports was never heard of.But when the annual games for the disabled were started at Stroke Mandeville,England in 1948 by Sir Ludwig Guttmann,the situation began to change.Sir Ludwig Guttmann,who had been driven to England in 1939 from Nazi Germany,had been asked by the British government to set up an injuries centre at stoke Mandeville Hospital near London.His ideas about treating injuries included sports for the disabled.
? In the first games just two teams of injured soldiers took part.The next year,1949,five teams took part.From those beginnings things developed fast.Teams now come from abroad to Stoke Mandeville every year.In 1960 the first Olympics for the Disabled were held in Rome.Now,every four years the Olympic Games for the Disabled are held,if possible,in the same place as the normal Olympic Games，although
they are organized separately.In other years Games for the Disabled are still held at Stoke Mandeville.In the 1984 wheelchair Olympic Games,1604 wheelchair athletes from about 40 countries took part.Unfortunately,they were held at Stoke Mandeville and not in Los Angeles,along with the other Olympics.?
The Games have been a great success in promoting international friendship and understanding,and in proving that being disabled does not mean you cant enjoy sports.One small source of disappointment for those who organize and take part in the games,however,has been the unwillingness of the International Olympic Committee to include the disabled events at the Olympic Games for the ablebodied. Perhaps a few more years are still needed to convince those fortunate enough not to be disabled that their disabled fellow athletes should not be excluded.
英语阅读理解 篇10
No woman can be too rich or too thin. This saying often attributed to the late Duchess(公爵夫人)
Of Windsor embodies much of the odd spirit of our times. Being thin is deemed as such a virtue.
The problem with such a view is that some people actually attempt to live by it. I myself have fantasies of slipping into narrow designer clothes. Consequently, I have been on a diet for the betteror worsepart of my life. Being rich wouldnt be bad either, but that wont happen unless an unknown relative dies suddenly in some distant land, leaving me millions of dollars.
Where did we go off the track? When did eating butter become a sin, and a little bit of extra flesh unappealing, if not repellent? All religions have certain days when people refrain from eating, and excessive eating is one of Christianitys seven deadly sins. However, until quite recently, most people had a problem getting enough to eat. In some religious groups, wealth was a symbol of probable salvation and high morals, and fatness a sign of wealth and well-being.
Today the opposite is true. We have shifted to thinness as our new mark of virtue. The result is that being fat-or even only somewhat overweight-is bad because it implies a lack of moral strength.
Our obsession with thinness is also fueled by health concerns. It is true that in this country we have more overweight people than ever before, and that, in many cases, being overweight correlates with an increased risk of heart and blood vessel disease. These diseases, however, may have as much to do with our way of life and our high-fat diets as with excess weight. And the associated risk of cancer in the digestive system may be more of a dietary problemtoo much fat and a lack of fiberthan a weight problem.
英语阅读理解 篇11
The standard of living of any country means the average persons share of the goods and services which the country produces. A countrys standard of living, therefore, depends first and foremost on its capacity to produce wealth. Wealth in this sense is not money, for we do not live on money but on things that money can buy: goods such as food and clothing, and services such as transport and entertainment.
A countrys capacity to produce wealth depends upon many factors, most of which have an effect on one another. Wealth depends to a great extent upon a countrys natural resources, such as coal, gold, and other minerals, water supply and so on. Some regions of the world are well supplied with coal and minerals, and have a fertile soil and a favorable climate; other regions possess perhaps only one of these things, and some regions possess none of them. The U. S. A is one of the wealthiest regions of the world because she has vast natural resources within her borders, her soil is fertile, and her climate is varied. The Sahara Desert, on the other hand, is one of the least wealthy.
Next to natural resources comes the ability to turn them to use. China is perhaps as well off as the U. S. A. in natural resources, but suffered for many years from civil and external wars, and for this and other reasons was. unable to develop her resources. Sound and stable political conditions, and freedom from foreign invasion, enable a country to develop its natural resources peacefully and steadily, and to produce more wealth than another country equally well served by nature but less well ordered. Another important factor is the technical efficiency of a countrys people. Old countries that have, through many centuries, trained up numerous skilled craftsmen and technicians are better placed to produce wealth than countries whose workers are largely unskilled. Wealth also produces wealth. As a country becomes wealthier, its people have a large margin for saving, and can put their savings into factories and machines which will help workers to turn out more goods in their working day.
英语阅读理解 篇12
The intensive work of materials scientists and solid-state physicists has given rise to a class of solids known as amorphous metallic alloys or glassy metals. There is a growing interest among theoretical and applied researchers alike in the structural properties of these materials.
When a molten metal or metallic alloy is cooled to a solid, a crystalline structure is formed that depends on the particular alloy composition. In contrast, molten nonmetallic glass-forming materials when cooled do not assume a crystalline structure, but instead retain a structure somewhat like that of the liquid an amorphous structure. At room temperature the natural long-term tendency for both types of materials is to assume the crystalline structure. The difference between the two is in the kinetics or rate of formation of the crystalline structure which is controlled by factors such as the nature of the chemical bonding and the ease with which atoms move relative to each other. Thus, in metals, the kinetics favors rapid formation of a crystallines structure whereas in nonmetallic glasses the rate of formation is so slow that almost any cooling rate is sufficient to result in an amorphous structure. For glassy metals to be formed, the molten metal must be cooled extremely rapidly so that crystallization is suppressed.
The structure of glassy metals is thought to be similar to that of liquid metals. One of the first attempts to model the structure of a liquid was that by the late J. D. Bernal of the University of London, who packed hard spheres into a rubber vessel in such a way as to obtain the maximum possible density. The resulting dense, random-packed structure was the basis for many attempts to model the structure of glassy metals.
英语阅读理解 篇13
Where Have All the Bees Gone? Scientists who study insects have a real mystery on their hands. All across the country, honeybees are leaving their hives and never returning. Researchers call this phenomenon colony-collapse1 disorder. According to surveys of beekeepers across the country, 25 to 40 percent of the honeybees in the United States have vanished from their hives since last fall. So far, no one can explain why. Now, a group of scientists and beekeepers have teamed up to try to figure out whats causing the alarming collapse of so many colonies. By sharing their expertise in honeybee behavior, health, and nutrition, team members hope to find out whats contributing to the decline and to prevent bee disappearances in the future. Another cause of colony-collapse disorder may be certain chemicals that farmers apply to kill unwanted insects on crops, says Jerry Hayes, chief bee inspector for the Florida Department of Agriculture3. Some studies, he says, suggest that a certain type of insecticide affects the honeybees nervous system and memory. It seems like honeybees are going out and getting confused about where to go and what to do, he says.
词汇： hive n. 蜂巢; 蜂箱 digestive adj. 消化的 beekeeper n. 养蜂人 insecticide n. 杀虫剂 注释： 2.the United States Department of Agriculture Bee Research Laboratory：美国农业部蜜蜂研究实验室。
练习：
A) Honeybees are flying all across the country.
C) Honeybees are leaving their hives and do not return.
2. Why are researchers seriously concerned with the phenomenon of colony-collapse disorder? A) Worsening environment.
B) Because honeybees feed on flowers.
C) Dwindling number of flowers around.
D) Both B and C.
英语阅读理解 篇14
The Man of Many Secretsharry Houdini was one of the greatest American entertainers in the theater this century. He was a man famous for his escapes form prison cells, from wooden boxes floating in rivers, from locked tanks full of water. He appeared in theaters all over Europe and America. Crowds came to see the great Houdini and his “magic” tricks.
Of course, his secret was not magic, or supernatural powers. It was simply strength. He had the ability to move his toes as well as he moved his fingers. He could move his body into almost any position he wanted.
Houdini started working in the entertainment world when he was 17, in 1891. He and his brother Theo performed card tricks in a club in New York. they called themselves the Houdini Brothers. When Harry married in 1894, he and his wife Bess worked together as magician and assistant. But for a long time they were not very successful. Then Harry performed his first prison escape, in Chicago in 1898. harry persuaded a detective to let him try to escape from the prison, and he invited the local newspapermen to watch.
It was the publicity that came from this the started Hayyr Houdini’s success.
Harry had fingers trained to escape from handcuffs and toes trained to escape from ankle chains. But his biggest secret was how he unlocked the prison doors. Every time he went into the prison cell, Bess gave him a kiss for good luckand a small skeleton key, which is a key that fits many locks, passed quickly from her mouth to his.
Harry used these prison escapes to build his fame. he arranged to escape from the local jail of every town he visited. In the afternoon, the people of the town would read about it in their local newspapers, and in the evening every seat in the local theater would be f
英语阅读理解 篇15
In the early 1990s,the word” Internet” was strange to most people. But today, Internet has become a useful tool for people all over the world. Maybe Internet has been the greatest invention in the field of communication in the history of mankind（人类） Communicating with others on the Internet is much faster. We can chat with a person who is sitting in the other part of the world. We can e-mail our friends and they can read the e-mails within a minute. Giving all kinds of information is probably the biggest advantage of the Internet.
We can use search engines to find the information we need. Just type in a keyword or keywords and the search engine will give us a list of suitable websites to look at. We can enjoy a lot on the Internet by downloading games, visiting chat rooms or surfing （浏览）websites. There are some games for free. We can meet new and interesting people in the chat now. We can also listen to music and see films. Now ,there is a lot of service on the Internet such as online banking ,job finding and ticket buying. We can also do shopping and find nearly all kinds of goods. Sometimes we can find something that is quite good but very cheap.
26.How many main advantages of the Internet are talked about in the passage? A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. D. Six. 27.What fact doesn’t the passage provide? A. We can find almost anything we want to know on the Internet. B. Some games on the Internet are free. C. We can buy most things we need on the Internet. D. Goods on the Internet are more expensive than those in real shops. 28.Which title best gives the main idea of the passage?
A. Online Shopping B. Exchanging Information on the Internet C. The Advantages of the Internet D. Surfing the Websites on the Internet 答案: BDC （2010.四川省自贡市 第 三部分 阅读理解B 满分10分） You want to know about my staying in America, right? Well, to tell you the truth, it is really an eye-opening experience study here. In China, I had English classes five times a week since fifth grade. However, I di
英语阅读理解 篇16
Mum:What are you doing,Amy?
Amy:I’m writing a letter to my friend,Kitty.
Mnm:But how can you?You are only five years old.You don’t know how to write.
Amy:Well.It doesn’t matter.Because Kitty doesn’t know how to read.
回答问题：
1.How old is Amy?
2.What is Amy doing?
3.Can Amy write?
4.Who is Kitty?
英语阅读理解 篇17
Is there an important exam right around the comer? You might be starting tofear, thinking that there' s no way for you to get a good grade because of thelittle time left to study. This is something all students may worry about. Butyou should accept the fact that you have to take the
exam no matter how much you want to avoid it.
Thankfully, there are several ways to help you get at least a passinggrade. You may have a try.
Get yourself together.
This might sound like silly advice, but it's actually the most important.When you fear, you may lose control over your thoughts and actions Even if youtry to study, perhaps you won’t get anything in your head.
Enjoy enough sleep.
It's unbelievable many students have little sleep each night. That’s notsomething to be proud of, especially if you're sleeping so little and stillfailing to do all the things Sleep isn't for the weak, but for the wise. Yourbrain needs enough rest. After a good night's sleep, you'll perform much betterin the morning.
Don’t fear.
Once the test paper is in front of you don't be afraid. Take a deep breathand start the exam with confidence(信心). Just like when you were reviewing, putaway the problems you’re having difficulty in and come back to them later. Ifyou have time left, go over everything to make sure you haven’t made anycareless mistakes.
41. In the writers opinion, whenever there's an importantexam,___________.
A. students might experience a period of fear
B. students will have little time to worry
C. students should try everything possible to avoid it
D. students have to ask teachers for more help
42. The writer describes "get yourself together" as silly advicebecause___________.
A. it won't influence your thoughts
B. it is one of the common senses
C. it is not the most important suggestion
D. it won’t help you get anything in your head
43. Enough sleep before an important exam is____________.
A. the pride of the weak
B. not something to be proud of
C. not necessary for the wise
D. a way to avoid failing in exams
44. When you meet with difficult problems in the exam, youcan__________.
A. give them up and take a deep breath
B. think hard and review them once again
C. put them away first and come back later
D. just trust yourself and look through the paper
45. According to the passage, you may get at least the passing grade if____________.
A. you fear nothing
B. you follow the writer's advice
C. the problems are not difficult
D. the preparation time lasts longer
英语阅读理解 篇18
Beauty sleep is a real thing, researches have shown that people who haveenough sleep look more attractive (有魅力的) to others.
A few bad nights is enough to make a person look "especially" more ugly,their sleep experiments show.
The researchers asked 25 university students to join in their sleepexperiment. They were asked to get a good night's sleep for two nights.
A week later, they were asked to sleep for only four hours every night fortwo nights in a row.
The researchers took make-up free (素颜) photos of the volunteers after boththe good and the bad sleep.
Next, they asked 122 strangers to have a look at the photos and judge (评价)them on attractiveness, health, and sleepiness, as well as asking them: "Howmuch would you like to make friends with this person in the picture?"
The strangers were good at judging if the person they were looking at wastired, and, if they were sleepy, their attractiveness score was low.
The strangers also said they wouldn't want to socialize with the tiredstudents. The researchers say this is natural for people. An unhealthy-lookingface makes people run away. In other words, people don't want to hang aroundwith people who might be ill.
Dr. Brewer, an expert at the University of Liverpool said "Judgement ofattractiveness is often unconscious (无意识的), hut we all do it, and we are able tojudge on even something small like whether someone looks tired or unhealthy.This study is a good reminder of how important sleep is to us."
35. When did the researchers take make-up free photos?
A. After two nights good sleep.
B. After two nights bad sleep.
C. Before the experiment.
D. After both two nights good sleep and two nights' had sleep.
36. The researchers asked the strangers to do the following except_______.
A. telling who looked healthier
B. telling who didn't have many friends
C. telling who missed a lot of sleep
D. telling who was attractive
37. What kind of friends did the strangers like to make?
A. The people who were tired.
B. The people who were sleepy.
C. The people who were unhealthy.
D. The people who were attractive and energetic.
38. What does the underlined word "socialize "mean in Chinese?
A.合伙
B.玩耍
C.交往
D.共事
39. According to the passage, which of the following is the best title?
A. Beauty sleep, More attractive
B. More sleep, More Friends
C. Less sleep, Fewer friends
D. No attractiveness, No friends
英语阅读理解 篇19
Technology is everywhere. We see it any place we go and，in fact，almostall of us carry some piece oftechnology with us every time we leave the house.What I always forget，though，is just how useful andpowerful technology can bewhen we want to help others
There is not a single room in my house that does not have some electronicdevices(设备) lying around init. Whenever I am at home，I am almost always usingat least one electronic device. If you walked into myliving room on any givenday，you would find that，first，I have the television on. At the same time，Iusuallyhave my laptop resting on my knee，or I will be using my mobile phone，Even when i'm not at home I amalways using my phone，and at work or in cafes，Isit down and connect to the local wireless network on myipcop.
I must say that I waste a lot of time on the computer and the time I spendon it could be much betterspent if I were to take up a little onlinevolunteering
The technology we carry about everywhere can have a great power to do goodfor the world and to helpothers and recently I discovered just how much onlinevolunteering there is to do in the world. From usingyour language skills to dotranslations，to developing and managing projects and helping with IT work，thereis so much that so many people can do to help people in their own countriesand across the world. The UnitedNations，in fact，has a huge page with"Volunteers Recruited" on its website.
This work can support the poor and help charities who cannot pay for staff.Many organizations onlyrequire you to work an hour a week-some even less. Andthe support provided by online volunteers can reallyhelp make a difference tothose in need.
27. From Paragraph 2，we can know that the writer
A. uses technology a lot B. works in a cafe
C. is a computer engineer D. likes modern music
28. The underlined word Recruited"in Paragraph 4 means“ ”
A. Ordered B. Wanted C. Visited D. Warned
29. In the writers opinion，people should spend more time withtechnology.
A. working on computer programs B. keeping the Internet safe
C. inventing electronic products D. helping people in need
30. What can be the best title for the passage?
A. Website Design B. Internet Organizations
C. Online Volunteering D. Online Translation
英语阅读理解 篇20
Passage Two
Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.
The worlds environment is surprisingly healthy. Discuss. If that were an examination topic, most students would tear it apart, offering a long list of complaints: from local smog(烟雾)to global climate change, from the felling(砍伐)of forests to the extinction of species. The list would largely be accurate, the concern legitimate. Yet the students who should be given the highest marks would actually be those who agreed with the statement. The surprise is how good things are, not how bad.
After all, the worlds population has more than tripled during this century, and world output has risen hugely, so you would expect the earth itself to have been affected. Indeed, if people lived, consumed and produced things in the same way as they did in 1900 , the world by now would be a pretty disgusting place: smelly, dirty, toxic and dangerous.
But they dont. The reasons why they dont, and why the environment has not been ruined, have to do with prices, technological innovation, social change and government regulation in response to popular pressure. That is why todays environmental problems in the poor countries ought, in principle, to be solvable.
Raw materials have not run out, and show no sign of doing so. Logically, one day they must: the planet is a finite place. Yet it is also very big, and man is very ingenious. What has happened is that every time a material seems to be running short, the price has risen and, in response, people have looked for new sources of supply, tried to find ways to use less of the materials, or looked for a new substitute. For this reason prices for energy and for minerals have fallen in real terms during the century. The same is true for food. Prices fluctuate, in response to harvests, natural disasters and political instability; and when they rise, it takes some time before new sources of supply become available. But they always do, assisted by new farming and crop technology. The long-term trend has been downwards.
